Records Atul Raja Kujur

Relational database design are the best system analysis. One should be able to specify how entities within a given entity set and relationships within a given relationship set are distinguished.There are some subset of attributes of a relational schema R present with the property that no two tuples in any relation instance r of R should have the same combination of values for these attributes. Closure of a Set of functional Dependencies We say that such functional Dependencies are logically implied by F.           Suppose we are given a relation schema R=(A,B,C,G,H,I) and the set of functional Dependencies                        A ➡️ B                        A ➡️ C                      CG ➡️ H                      CG ➡️ I    ...

Network theorem are the best point about network analysis ✍️Maxwell's Mesh current method:- In this method Kirchhoff's voltage is applied to a network to write mesh equation in terms of mesh current. ✍️Nodal analysis:- Nodal analysis essential aims at choosing a reference node in the network and then finding the unknown voltage at the independent nodes w.r.t. reference node. ✍️Superposition theorem:- This theorem is called superposition becouse we superpose or algebraically add the components (current or voltage)due to each independent source acting alone to obtain the total current in or voltage across a circuit elements. ✍️Thevenin's theorem:- Any linear bilateral network having terminals A and B can be replaced by a single source of e.m.f.Vth in series with a single resistance Rth. १)The emf Vth is the voltage obtained across terminals A and B with load,if any removed i.e.it is open-circuited voltage between terminals A and B. २)The resistance Rth is the resistance of th...

Air 🌫️ Blast 💥 Circuit 🧬Breaker ⚓are the desirable features to be found. The drawback of the oil circuit breakers are the fire risk due the inflammable oil,the deterioration of the oil, necessary periodic replacement and the difficulty of reaching the contacts for maintenance purpose.                 This led to the development of circuit breakers using compressed air or gas as the interrupting medium. The desirable features to be found in Air blast circuit breakers:- ✍️ High speed operation:-   The air Blast Circuit Breaker does and arc duration throughout the current range are of the order of one half to one cycle ✍️ Suitability for frequent operation:-  Repeated switching by an air blast circuit breakers is possible simply because of absence of air. ✍️ Facility of high speed reclosure:-  This by automatic means is an advantage on HV interconnected network to assist and maintain system stability during the clearance of transien...

Definition are Network, Hierarchical and entity -relationship model Network Model:- The network Model data are represented by collection of records and relationships among data are represented by links. Advantages of network Model:- Simplicity:-  The network Model is also conceptually simple and easy to design. Ability to handle more relationship type:-  The network Model can handle the one to many and many to many relationships. Easy of data access:-  Relationship is a set comprises of two type of records an owner record and a member record. Data integrity:-  In a network model no member can exist without an owner. A user must therefore first define the owner record and then the member record. Data independence:-  The network Model draws a clear line of demarcation between the programs and the complex physical storage details. Database standard:-  The standard devised by the DBTG (database Task Group of CODASYL Commtiee)form the basis of the network Model....

Write ✍️✍️✍️ a Query processing and transaction processing   Query Processing:-  The technique used by a DBMS to process ,optimize,and execute high level queries.An internal representation of the query is then created, usually as a tree data structure called a query tree. The query can also be represented using a graph data structure called a query graph.             A query typically has many possible execution strategies and the process of selecting an appropriate one for processing a query is known as query optimization.    Transaction processing:- A transaction can be considered as a unit of program execution that access and update various data items of a database. A transaction can be regarded as a series of reads writes of data objects. This processing are following properties of the transaction:- Atomicity:-   Either all the operation of a transaction are carried out or none are. User need not worry about the effect of i...

Sensors are defined by Piezoresistive,Optical(air path), Optical (fibre optic), Intrinsic, Extrinsic and Distributed sensors Piezoresistive sensors:-   A Piezoresistive sensors is made from semiconductor material in which a p type region has been diffused into n type base.The resistance of this varies greatly when the sensor is compressed or streched. Optical sensors (air path):-   Optical sensors are based on the modulation of light traveling between a light source and a light detector.These emit light in a narrow frequency band in the infrared region and are not affected by sunlight.            Air path Optical are commonly used to measure proximity, translational motion,rotational motion and gas concentration. Optical sensors (fibre optic):-   An alternative to using air as the transmission medium, optical sensors can use fibre optic cable instead to transmit light between a source and a detector.        ...

Introduction to SQL and PL-SQL or defined. Structured Query Language (SQL)    SQL is the standard command set that allows the users to interect with the relational database management system.           All tasks related to relational data management creating table querying the database for information, modifying the data in the database, deleting them, granting access to users and so on can be easily performed using SQL. Different database vendors use different dialects of SQL. Advantages of SQL:-    १) SQL is coded without embedded data. २)Porting could be required when the underlying database management system need to be upgraded or changed. ३) SQL as a language provide a greater degree of abstraction and is independent of the way it is implemented internally. ४)The language in addition to being simple and easy to learn can also handle complex situations. ५) SQL can also be used to define data structures,control access to the data, delete,i...